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Based on the opinion of Imam Abdul Abbas in the book As Syafi, the law for memorizing the Koran is fardhu kifayah. Fardu kifayah is an obligation that must be carried out by some Muslims.
This fardu kifayah reward is what attracts Muslims to become people favored by Allah SWT through memorizing the Quran. For most Muslims, memorizing all 30 chapters is a dream.
Certainly, those servants of Allah who memorize the Quran will receive honor. As believers, you should not waste this opportunity to practice good deeds and ease your path to Paradise.
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It was previously mentioned that memorizing the Quran is fardhu kifayah. This means that you are still obligated to memorize the Quran, but according to your ability and the amount required to perform valid prayers.
The minimum chapter that all Muslims must memorize is Al-Fatihah. Reciting Al-Fatihah is one of the pillars of prayer. You can memorize shorter chapters afterward, as they offer immense benefits.
If someone or some of them have already memorized the Quran, it is not obligatory for all Muslims to complete it. However, you can still memorize chapters to attain honor.
But if no one is willing to memorize the Quran, then everyone is sinning. Furthermore, memorizing the Quran is a requirement for prayer, so it's essential to memorize at least a few short chapters.
Those who have memorized the Quran are obligated to maintain their memorization through murojaah (reciting the Quran). Murojaah involves repeating the memorized text consistently to avoid forgetting it.
Therefore, to prevent forgetting after memorizing some Quranic verses, perform murojaah (recitation). Reread the memorized verses until you have them memorized.
You can repeat it yourself in your free time or while doing other activities to ensure you don't forget. Recitation can also be done with a teacher who is expert and qualified in understanding the Quran.
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So what if you've memorized part of the Quran but forgot it and then repent? Do you have to memorize it again in person, or is it okay to just do it in your spare time? Here's the explanation.
First, it's important to reiterate that memorizing the Quran is one of the most important pious deeds. Therefore, if you've already memorized it, you should review it continuously and repeatedly.
Because forgetting what you've memorized is a disgraceful act. It shows that you're not paying attention to the Book of Allah and have turned away from it.
Second, there are several opinions among scholars regarding memorizing parts of the Quran but then forgetting them. Some argue that this is a major sin, a disobedience, and even a major sin.
There is also the opinion that it is a calamity for a servant and his religion. Similarly, it is not a major sin but rather a punishment from Allah for some of his good deeds.
Despite these varying opinions, as someone who has memorized the Quran, it's not appropriate to neglect reading or even forget memorized verses. In fact, memorizing these verses should be a daily dhikr (recitation) to help improve memorization and earn rewards.
Third, the law of memorizing parts of the Quran but then forgetting them is that the opportunity for reward is lost. This is the result of the memorizer abandoning, forgetting, or turning away from the Quranic verses due to being busy with other activities.
This is as mentioned by Mrs. Qayim in the book Al-Fawaid on page 82. So if you forget, it is a disaster that could result in the loss of the opportunity for reward.
If you're someone who has memorized some of the verses but has forgotten them, immediately repeat long sections of verses like the chapters, chapters, and so on. Be diligent about memorizing them in their entirety.
The first step is to repeat the memorized verses. This serves as motivation to restore memory and perfect the memorization of other surahs.
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Adapun hukum menghafal Quran sebanyak 30 juz adalah fardhu kifayah. Dalam hal ini artinya jika seseorang atau sebagian orang sudah menghafalkan Quran, maka kewajiban itu gugur bagi kaumnya.
The meaning of this fardhu kifayah is to ensure that the number of mutawatir Quranic recitations is not interrupted, thus preventing the memorizer from experiencing any changes or deviations.
Based on this, if there is a person or group who has memorized the Quran up to the number of mutawatir, then the obligation to memorize the Quran is no longer valid for the others.
However, this doesn't mean that other Muslims should neglect memorizing Quranic verses. You should still strive to memorize the short chapters after Al-Fatihah.
Because the virtue of memorizing the Quran is that they will be crowned with glory in the afterlife. They will also be included among the human family of God, receive special treatment from the Prophet, and become Muslims whose hearts are not empty.
It's important to understand that it's perfectly fine to forget two or three verses or something like that when memorizing short verse fragments. Don't focus too much on these forgetfulnesses
This is because you are not burdened with memorizing verses you have forgotten. Indeed, there is no sin in not being able to recover a short chapter you have partially forgotten.
From this explanation, memorizing 30 chapters is obligatory for some Muslims (fardhu kifayah). However, other Muslims should also memorize the Quran according to their ability.
Because of this concession, don't neglect the importance of memorizing Quranic verses. Besides being a valid requirement and a guide for performing prayers, memorizing even just a portion of the Quran will earn the Prophet Muhammad's (peace be upon him) honor.
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Reference link:
https://www.hafalquransebulan.com/hukum-menghafal-al-quran/#page-content
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