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Heri Mahbub
The term "Quran recitation" (tadarus) is always popular during Ramadan. This activity is not only carried out in mosques or prayer rooms, but also at home and even in the office. Many Muslims read the Quran from the beginning until they have completed all 30 chapters. They call this "tadarus." Is that really the true meaning? Read more in the following article.
Quran Cordoba - The meaning of tadarus is very broad, many interpret it as reading the Quran together or individually every day according to one's ability. In addition to congregational recitation, such as one chapter a day for 30 days, there is also a routine tadarus of selected chapters of the Quran, for example, after prayer reading Surah Al-Kahf, Al-Mulk, Yasin, Al-Waqiah, and short chapters in the 30th chapter.
This history from Abu Hurairah is quite famous, often read by preachers and lecturers at their meetings. Hadith of the Prophet, Rasulullah SAW. said:
Meaning: " It is not for a people to gather in a house of Allah's house (mosque) for the purpose of reciting/reading the Qur'an and tadarus among themselves, unless they are blessed with calm, filled with grace, surrounded by angels, and made proud by Allah in the presence of His angels." (HR Muslim)
In another hadith, from Abdullah ibn Abbas it is stated:
Meaning: "Rasulullah SAW. is the most generous human being. And his generosity increased even more in the month of Ramadan when Jibril AS. met him. And usually Jibril met the Prophet every night in the month of Ramadan, so that the two of them studied the Koran with each other.." (HR. Al Bukhori & Muslim)
The meaning of tadarus, according to these two hadiths, is to study it. In reality, the form of the activity and its linguistic meaning differ somewhat in society. The tadarus commonly practiced in Indonesia today takes the form of a gathering where participants take turns reciting the Quran. One person reads while the others listen. They continue to take turns reading until the end.
Meanwhile, from a linguistic perspective, tadarus comes from the root word darosa-yadrusu, which means to study, research, examine, review, and learn from. Then, with the addition of the letter ta' in front, it becomes tadaarosa-yatadaarosu, thus increasing its meaning to mutual learning or studying more deeply.
The "tadarus" (recitation) activities frequently encountered today seem to involve little study of the meaning of each verse, merely reading. Sometimes, the accuracy of the recitation is overlooked because there are no experts in Quranic recitation to validate or correct the recitation.
The current form of Quranic recitation is more appropriately termed tilawah wal istima'. Tilawah means to read, and istima' means to listen. The goal we often see is indeed khataman (complete recitation), completing the 30 Juz (study) together.
According to the hadith mentioned above, this is the priority of Quranic assemblies. Mosques, the houses of Allah, are indeed places of worship, qiraah (recitation), tadabur (reflection), communal dhikr (remembrance), and Quranic learning circles such as tadarus (Quranic recitation).
Likewise, a person's residence, house, office, or in a wide field anywhere (apart from the forbidden ones), if they gather in the assembly of the Qur'an, it means they are on goodness, such as;
If the participants are already fluent and have mastered the rules of reading the Quran properly, then it's okay for each of them to read it individually. It's also okay if they want to listen to it. Reading and listening both bring rewards.
Allah SWT has ordered apart from reading, also listening to the Koran.
Meaning: " And when the Koran is recited, then listen and be silent, so that you may receive mercy." (QS. Al-A'raf: 204)
However, if participants are still weak in reading, they should not be left to read the Quran alone. A religious teacher (ustadz) should be there to correct their reading. Therefore, what is needed is not "tadarus" (recitation), but rather learning to read the Quran. The currently popular term is "tahsin Al-Quran" or "tahsin tilawah," meaning improving the recitation.
From Ibn Mas'ud ra said: "If one of us has studied 10 verses then he does not add to them until he knows their meaning and puts them into practice." This hadith is authentic and the history is in At-Thabari's interpretation.
Those who received readings from the Prophet SAW (said) that when they studied ten verses they never abandoned them (did not add to them) before applying what they contained, then we are doing tadarus which means studying the knowledge of the Koran and its deeds at the same time.
Here is a brief look at several verses that we should reflect on the meaning of so that we truly understand the meaning of tadarus in the texts of the Shari'a:
Allah Ta'la says,
Meaning: "It is not natural for a human being that Allah has given him the Book, wisdom and prophecy, then he says to humans: 'You should be those who worship me, not worship Allah.' However (he said): "You should be rabbani people, because you always teach the Book and because you keep studying it."
(QS. Ali Imran: 79)
Also try to pay attention to His other words regarding the meaning of tadarus:
Meaning: " And thus We explained Our verses over and over again so that the polytheists would say, "You have learned these verses (from the People of the Book)," and so that We would explain the Qur'an to those who know ." (QS. Al-An'am, 6: 105)
Meaning: "Or do you have a book (revealed by Allah) that you study?" (QS. Al-Qalam, 68: 37)
May we fill the days of Ramadan with recitations, tahsin, tadabur, tazkiyah and tadarus of the Al-Quran every day, reading and studying its contents together. God willing. Amen
And God knows best
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